Abstract

• The plant Curcuma aromatica Salisb. locally known as Taw-Sanwin, belongs to the family Zingiberaceae. It is collected from Hpa-an Township, Kayin State during the flowering and rhizomes period in 2019. In this paper, the morphological and histological characters of the leaves, midrib, petiole, leaf sheath, tuber, root, and rhizomes of Curcuma aromatic Salisb. were studied at Department of Botany, Hpa-an University. Verification of plant was carried out by available literatures. In histological study, free hand sections of leaves, midrib, petiole, leaf sheath, tuber, root, and rhizome were studied and examination of powdered samples was also carried out for standardization of drug. In morphological study, the plant is perennial herb with tubers aromatic rhizome. Leaves are distichous with open sheath. Inflorescences are terminal a leafy shoot directly from the rhizome. Flower bisexual, zygomorphic and epigynous. Calyx (3), synsepalous. Corolla (3), synpetalous. Androecium of two whorls, fertile stamen and staminodes. Ovary tricarpellary, axile placentation and discs are present. The fruits are fleshy and dehiscent. Seeds round, mostly covered with a large divided aril endosperm abundant, white, hard or mealy. In histological study, the anticlinal walls in the epidermal cell of both surfaces are straight. Tetracytic stomata are present on both surfaces but more abundant on lower surface. Oil cells contain parenchymatous layer of midrib, petiole, leaf sheath, tuber, root and rhizome. Secretory cells and starch grains are present in tuber, root and rhizome. Vascular bundles of lamina, midrib, petiole, leaf sheath, tuber, root and rhizome are collateral type and closed type.