Abstract

• In this study, the modified Hummer process was used to synthesize graphene oxide (GO) from graphite powder. Later, GO was chemically reduced to form reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanoparticles using hydrazine hydrate as the reducing agent. Techniques such as XRD, FT IR, UVvisible, SEM, and EDX were used to characterize the prepared rGO. Malachite green (MG), a cationic dye, was employed as a model dye contaminant to study the colour removal efficiency of rGO. In order to assess the optimal values of the important parameters, including the initial dye concentration, pH, contact time, and rGO dosage, batch adsorption tests were conducted. For the purpose of removing the colour of malachite green utilizing synthesized rGO, the optimum conditions were found to be 10 ppm of MG concentration, pH 4, 60 min of contact time, and 0.06 g of adsorbent dosage.