Research List

No.	Researcher	Title	Abstract	Year
2301	Mi Aye Aye Aung, Kay Khine Nyunt, Myint Myint Khine, Ni Ni Than	ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A BIOACTIVE COMPOUND AND SCREENING OF ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF STEPHANIA VENOSA (BL.) SPRENG (TAUNG-KYA) TUBER	Stephania venosa (Bl.) Spreng (Taung-kya), belonging to the family Menispermaceae and is a rich source of alkaloids commonly found as herbaceous perennial vine with a large tuber. The aim of the research includes preliminary phytochemical investigations, isolation and identification of bioactive chemical constituent and in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of different crude extracts from the tuber of S. venosa. The preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, ?-amino acid, carbohydrates, glycosides, flavonoids, organic acids, phenolic compounds, reducing sugars, steroids, saponins and tannins in the samples by using the standard methods. The air-dried powder plant sample was subjected to cold percolation with 80 % methanol and fractionation with petroleum ether only, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate, ethyl acetate only, and ethyl acetate and methanol. The isolated compound (0.03 g, 0.06%) was separated from ethyl acetate fraction by using silica gel column chromatographic separation method. It was identified by using modern spectroscopic methods such as UV-visible, FT IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectrometry and also by comparing with the reported data. The antimicrobial activity of different crude extracts (PE, EtOAc, EtOH, MeOH and Watery) from tuber of S. venosa was tested by the agar well diffusion method. Ethyl acetate extract has the most potent antimicrobial activity (the inhibition zone diameter range between 17 to 22 mm) against tested microorganisms except as Bacillus pumilus. The antioxidant activity was investigated by using DPPH free radical scavenging assay method. The IC50 values of watery and ethanol extracts were found to be 173.61 and 134.93 ?g/mL, respectively. The IC50 value of isolated compound was also observed as 24.43 ?g/mL. Therefore, the isolated compound possesses higher potent antioxidant activity than the extracts.	2024
2302	Nan Wa Thone Oo, Prema, Ni Ni Than	INVESTIGATION OF SOME BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND ISOLATION OF PHYTOCONSTITUENTS FROM THE LEAVES OF DREGEA VOLUBILIS (L. F.) (GWAY-TAUK)	The study aims to investigate some biological activities and the isolation of phytoconstituents from the leaves of Dregea volubilis (L. f.). Dregea volubilis belongs to the Apocynaceae family, and it is locally known as �Gway-tauk� in Myanmar. In our experiments, six compounds (1-6) were isolated from the EtOAc extract of Gway-tauk leaves, and they were characterized by some physico-chemical tests, Rf values on TLC, and modern spectroscopic methods such as UV and FT IR. The antimicrobial activity of EtOH extract showed moderate activity with the inhibition zone diameter range between 10~15 mm against eight tested microorganisms. Then, EtOH and watery extracts were found to have no cytotoxic effect on brine shrimp up to the maximum dose of 1000 �g/mL. Moreover, the watery extract (bitterness value, 320) of Gway-tauk leaves was less bitter than standard quinine hydrochloride R (bitterness value, 2000). In the ?-amylase inhibitory activity, the IC50 values of ethanol and watery extracts were observed to be 3.64 and 2.67 �g/mL. The antioxidant activity of ethanol (IC50: 3.54 �g/mL) and watery (IC50: 5.11 �g/mL) extracts of Gway-tauk leaves possessed potent antioxidant activity, as well as positive control ascorbic acid (IC50: 2.60 �g/mL).	2024
2303	Yatanar Aye Thant, Hnin Hnin Than	EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ESSENTIAL OIL EXTRACTED FROM THE BULBS OF ALLIUM SATIVUM LINN. (GARLIC)	Garlic, a member of the Alliaceae family has been used for thousands of years as a food additive, spice, and medicine. Garlic extract has been shown to reduce serum cholesterol levels and increase blood coagulation time. Alkaloids, ?- amino acids, carbohydrates, glycosides, phenolic compounds, reducing sugars, saponins, tannin, hydrolysable tannin, flavonoids, steroids are present in garlic bulbs, but starch is not. From the study of the elemental analysis by EDXRF (Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence), the essential metal potassium (1.321 %), sulphur (1.176%), calcium (0.081%), and iron (0.006%) were found in the garlic. The toxic heavy metals such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) were not detected in the bulb sample. The essential oil was isolated from Allium sativum L. (garlic) by steam distillation. The mixture of essential oil with water was separated with n-hexane. The antioxidant activity of extracted essential oil, ethanol and watery extracts was screened by the DPPH free radical scavenging assay method. The IC50 value of extracted essential oil was found to be 514.79 �g/mL, while the 95 % ethanol and watery extracts were 55.70 �g/mL and 147.55 �g/mL. So, 95% ethanol has the most potent antioxidant activity. The organic constituents in the extracted essential oil of garlic were investigated at the Department of Research and Innovation National Laboratory (DRI), Yangon. Seven compounds (methyl-1-propenyl disulfide, diallyl disulphide, 2-vinyl-1, 3-dithiane, 3-vinyl-1, 2-dithicyclohex-4-ene, 3-vinyl-1, 2- dithicyclohex-5-ene, di-2-propenyl trisulphide and di-2-propenyl tetrasulfide) were detected in the essential oil of garlic. So, from all of these experimental data, it can be inferred that Allium sativum L. (garlic) can be useful for medicinal purposes.	2024
2304	Yamone Pyae Pyae Thinn, Khin Chaw Win, Hnin Hnin Than	INVESTIGATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY, ALPHA-AMYLASE INHIBITION ACTIVITY AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF RHIZOME OF BERGENIA CILIATA (HAW) STERNB. (NATSEI GAMON)	This research aims to investigate some biological activities such as antimicrobial activity, ?-amylase inhibition activity, and cytotoxic activity of the rhizome of Natsei gamon. The rhizome of Natsei gamon was collected from Lungpi Village, Falam Township, Chin State, Myanmar, in February 2019. In the present work, antimicrobial activity, ?-amylase inhibition activity, and cytotoxicity have been determined. According to the results of antimicrobial activity, methanol and chloroform extracts of Natsei gamon did not show any antimicrobial activity against all of the microorganisms tested. But petroleum ether extract exhibited activity against six microorganisms, such as Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus pumilus, Candida albicans, and Escherichia coli with an inhibition zone diameter range of 13-15 mm. Ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts significantly inhibited only Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with an inhibition zone diameter of 20 mm. The ?-amylase inhibition activity of ethanol and watery extracts of rhizome of Natsei gamon was determined by ?-amylase inhibition assay or DNS reagent method. These two crude extracts were found to possess ?-amylase inhibition activity. The ethanol extract (IC50 = 0.78 ?g/mL) was found to have higher potency than that of watery extracts (IC50 = 0.85 ?g/mL) in ?- amylase inhibition activity. The cytotoxicity of watery and ethanol extracts of the rhizome of Natsei gamon is free from cytotoxic effect until a concentration of 1000 ?g/mL.	2024
2305	Mya Mu Aye	LUPANE TRITERPENOIDS FROM THE ROOTS OF DIOSPYROS EHRETIOIDES Wall. AND EVALUATION OF SOME BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES	In this research, the roots of Diospyros ehretioides from Tetma Village, Nyaung U Township, Mandalay Region were selected to investigate some chemical constituents and some biological activities such as acute toxicity and antimicrobial activities. Four known lupane triterpenoids, lupeol, betulin, betulinaldehyde, and betulinic acid were isolated from the roots of Diospyros ehretioides by column chromatography. The structures of these isolated compounds were identified by extensive spectroscopic analyses such as UV, IR, 1H and 13C NMR, DQF-COSY, HMQC, and HMBC spectra and comparison with the literature data. The acute toxicity of the ethanol extract of the roots evaluated by Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 425 guideline revealed no toxic effects and lethality at a dose of 5000 mg/kg (LD50>5000 mg/kg). Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of crude extracts (ethanol, DCM and hexane) of Diospyros ehretioides root was evaluated against five pathogenic microorganisms by agar well diffusion method. Except for E. faecalis, all crude root extracts inhibited four microorganisms, with the inhibition zone diameters ranging from 10 to 15 mm, respectively.	2024
2306	Yi Yi Lwin, Thida Kyaw, Yi Yi Myint	THE CHEMICAL AND SPECTRAL ANALYSES OF THE PREPARED CELLULOSE ACETATES FROM WHEAT STRAW POWDER AND SAWDUST POWDER	In this research, the preparation of cellulose powders from the wheat straw powder and sawdust powder by dewaxing and pulping processes, the preparation of cellulose acetates by the sonification process, and the identification of prepared cellulose acetates by chemical and spectral analyses were carried out. The cellulose acetates were prepared by the optimized acetylation of respective celluloses with an acetic acid-acetic anhydride-toluene solvent mixture using perchloric acid as a catalyst increasing the reaction rate for 1, 2, 3, and 4 h of sonication. The acetylation procedure was modulated by an ultrasonic cleaner. Then, the prepared cellulose acetates (WSCAs and SDCAs) from wheat straw powder and sawdust powder had been identified by chemical (acid-base titration) and spectral (FT IR, XRD, NMR) analyses for the degree of substitution of acetyl groups on the corresponding prepared cellulose acetates. From the titration data, FTIR spectral data and XRD spectral data, the optimum acetylation by 1 h sonication, which provides the highest degree of substitution and the highest yield percent, had been selected. Then WSCA-1 and SDCA-1 obtained by selected acetylation were further identified by 1H and 13C NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopic methods.	2024
2307	Aye Aye Thant, Yi Yi Win, Myint Myint Khine, Ni Ni Than	IDENTIFICATION OF APIGENIN AND LUTEOLIN ISOLATED FROM THE AERIAL PARTS OF BACOPA MONNIERI (L.) WETTST IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ?-AMYLASE AND ?-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITION ACTIVITY	The present research deals with the analysis to isolate organic compounds and examine antidiabetic activity from the aerial parts of the Bacopa monnieri (Byone-hmwe) plant collected from the Twantay Township, Yangon Region. By column and thin layer chromatography, apigenin (AAT-2) and luteolin (AAT-3) were isolated from the active ethyl acetate fraction and identified by using UV, FT IR, 1HNMR, and NMR spectroscopic methods. The spectrophotometric method was used to determine the antidiabetic activity of a drug using metformin, an oral hypoglycemic agent, as a positive control for the inhibition effect on ?-amylase and ?-glucosidase enzymes. The ?-amylase inhibitory effect (IC50= 54.09 ?g/mL,78.14 ?g/mL) and ?-glucosidase inhibitory effect (IC50 = 62 ?g/mL, 91.66 ?g/mL) were observed in ethanol and watery extracts. Furthermore, apigenin and luteolin inhibited ?-amylase (IC50= 1.049 ?g/mL, 0.75 ?g/mL) and ?-glucosidase (IC50 = 0.558 ?g/mL, 0.507 ?g/mL), which was comparable with the standard drug metformin (IC50 = 0.497 ?g/mL). The percentage of enzyme inhibition of isolated luteolin was nearly the same as that of standard metformin.	2024
2308	Win Pa Pa Phyo, Aung Than Htwe, Yamin Thet, Hninn Wutt Yee Htun, Margaret Hkawn Taung	PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF BIONANOCOMPOSITES OF COPPER OXIDE NANOPARTICLES BASED CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE DERIVED FROM ASPARAGUS STALK EN	Green, sustainable bionanocomposites have the potential to be useful in diagnostic and biomedical applications. In the present study, a series of copper oxide nanoparticles-based carboxymethyl cellulose (CuCMC) bionanocomposites with different weight ratios of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) derived from asparagus stalk end to copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were prepared. The prepared bionanocomposite of copper oxide nanoparticles based carboxymethyl cellulose (CuCMC) material was characterized by using XRD, FT IR, UV-Visible, SEM and TG-DTA techniques. SEM, and XRD studies indicated the in situ generation of CuO NP in the carboxymethyl cellulose matrix. FT IR analysis confirmed the presence of both CuO NPs and CMC. TG-DTA results indicated that the CMC content of CuCMC was between 61.9 and 73.6 % by weight. Finally, the synthesized CuO, CMC, and CuCMC were tested for their antimicrobial activity. The results obtained from those different studies revealed that carboxymethyl cellulose and copper oxide bionanocompsite can be used effectively for biomedical applications	2024
2309	May Thazin Kyaw, Ngwe Sin, Aung Than Htwe, Hninn Wutt Yee Htun,Yamin Thet	ENVIRONMENTALLY EFFECTIVE PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CELLULOSE DIACETATE FILM DERIVED FROM WASTE CIGARETTE FILTERS	Cigarette waste pollutes the environment and is a problem that must be solved. However, such waste can be recycled by converting it into raw materials for the production of new products. The purpose of this study is to focus on a simple and low-cost method to transform waste cigarette filters into cellulose diacetate (CDA) films, which can be used in packaging films. Furthermore, waste must be recycled in order to be reused. In this paper, cellulose diacetate films derived waste cigarette filters with different volume ratios of glycerol, (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 mL) glycerol as the plasticizer (CDAG) have been successfully prepared by the solvent evaporating method of the CDA and CDAG films were determined. The physical parameters, the mechanical properties, the degree of swelling and water uptake. The prepared CDA films were characterized using XRD, SEM, FT IR and TG DTA analysis. From the FT IR analysis, the characteristic absorption peaks of CDA and CDAG films clearly showed that the two polymers were well mixed. According to TG-DTA analysis, the thermal stability of the CDA blended film was found to be slightly higher. The antimicrobial activity of CDA and CDAG films was investigated by agar-disc diffusion method. Subsequently, the biodegradable nature of the prepared CDA and CDAG films was studied through the soil burial test. Finally, the prepared CDA and CDAG films can be used as packaging materials.	2024
2310	Aye Aye Lwin, Aung Khaing, Aung Than Htwe	STUDY ON PHOTOCATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF BISMUTH OXYCHLORIDE CATALYSTS	Well-crystallized flake-like bismuth oxychloride nanoparticles (BiOCl NPs) were successfully synthesized by a solvothermal process using bismuth(III) nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO3)3.5H2O) and potassium chloride (KCl) with various ratios of ethanol and distilled water (10:90, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 90:10 v/v). The synthesized BiOCl NPs were characterized by using XRD, SEM, UV-visible, FT IR and TG-DTA analysis. Degradation of Rhodamine B and Eriochrome Black T in aqueous media was estimated spectrophotometrically in the visible range at 553 and 545 nm, respectively. Among them, BiOCl-4 showed the highest photodegradation performance under UV light exposure due to the formation of nanosheets. The mechanism of synthesized BiOCl-4 is evaluated by conduction band and valence band values. So, the synthesized BiOCl NPs can be used as photocatalysts in the photodegradation of aqueous organic dyes.	2024

Research Publications

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research