Research List

No.	Researcher	Title	Abstract	Year
2291	Swe Sint, Phyu Phyu Myint, Saw Hla Myint	A FIELD STUDY ON SOIL NUTRIENTS, ENZYME ACTIVITIES, AND INSECTICIDE RESIDUE DURING PHYTOREMEDIATION	Phytoremediation is an eco-friendly treatment for reducing soil contamination. Cypermethrin is one of the most widely used pyrethroid insecticides against different pests, and its use causes soil contamination. A field study was conducted in cypermethrin contaminated soil to detect and monitor the changes in soil nutrients, enzyme activities, and 3-phenoxy benzoic acid (3-PBA, primary metabolite of cypermethrin insecticide). Phytoremediation was undertaken using two plant species: aster (Callistephus chinensis L. Nees) and Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers.) in the absence and presence of iron oxide particles (0.01 g/kg of soil). Soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), and available potassium (K2O) and relative metals content by EDXRF. The activities of soil urease (mg NH4+-N g-1 soil h-1) and dehydrogenase (�g TPF g-1 soil h-1) also increased in the treated soil samples as determined by the phenolhypochlorite colourimetric method and the Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride (TTC) assay method. The urease enzyme activities of aster (5.363 � 0.024) and Bermuda grass (4.816 � 0.07) was found to be higher when compared with uncultivated soil (S0) (3.74 � 0.03), whereas the dehydrogenase activity of aster (0.00127 � 0.0000) and Bermuda grass (0.00113 � 0.0000) was also increased when compared with S0 (0.0008 � 0.0000) in the field experiment. Furthermore, the insecticide residue in the soil samples was determined by UV-Vis and GC-MS. The results showed the decrease in insecticide residue decrease in during phytoremediation in the presence of iron oxide particles. Phytoremediation demonstrated 96.33 % and 94.19 % PBA decrease using aster and Bermuda grass in 12 weeks period. The results demonstrated that aster and Bermuda grass showed promising potential for use as phytoremediating agents in insecticide contaminated soil.	2024
2292	Hnin Yu Wai	EFFECTIVENESS OF MODIFIED ARECA LEAF FIBER REINFORCING MATERIALS IN ECO-FRIENDLY COMPOSITES	This research work is mainly concerned with the production of composites from 5 % NaOH modified waste areca leaf fiber with recycled polyethylene as binder and the study of their characteristics. Composites were produced by mixing each modified waste areca leaf fiber (120 g) with various compositions (10 %, 20 %, 30 %, 40 %, 50 % and 60 %) of recycled polyethylene (PE) using hot compressing molding method at 120?C and 2200 psi. The produced composites were characterized by physicochemical and physicomechanical parameters such as modulus of rupture, thickness, density, water absorption, swelling thickness and hardness. Based on the physicomechanical properties, MAFPE 4 composite was a quality grade composite among the produced composites. It has 2679.83 psi of modulus of rupture, 0.60 cm of thickness, 0.87 g cm-3 of density, 23.37 % of water absorption, 33.18 % of swelling thickness and 98 D of hardness. The surface morphology of MAFPE 4 composite was studied by SEM and heat characteristic of composite by TG-DTA analyses. MAFPE 4 composite can be used in furniture and building.	2024
2293	Thuzar Nyein, Zaw Naing, Cho Cho	STUDY ON THE APPLICATION OF UNDOPED AND SILVER-DOPED BISMUTH FERRITE SAMPLES APPLIED IN ELECTRONIC DEVICE	In this paper, undoped bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) and silver-doped bismuth ferrite (Ag-BiFeO3) samples were prepared by the sol-gel method. The resulting powder was characterized by XRD and EDXRF techniques. Comparative studies of the electrical properties of these samples were investigated by using an LCR meter in the frequency range of 20 to 100 MHz at 2 V. In this study, it was found that the AC and CD conductivities, dielectric loss tangent, dielectric constant, and capacitance depend on the frequency. The conductivity values of AC and DC increase with increasing frequency. Dielectric loss tangent, dielectric constant, and capacitance decrease with increasing frequency. These two samples demonstrated semiconducting properties in accordance with their electrical properties. In addition, Ag-BiFeO3 indicates higher conductivity values than the BiFeO3 sample. According to the results, both BiFeO3 and Ag-BiFeO3 samples could be used as touch point electrodes in a touch sensor device for electrical applications.	2024
2294	Kyi Win Mon, Win Pa Pa, Nyan Tun	PREPARATION OF HYDROXYAPATITE-CEMENTED TITANIUM DIOXIDE COMPOSITE AND ITS APPLICATION	Using the wet precipitation method, hydroxyapatite, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, was synthesized from waste crab shells in this study. The prepared hydroxyapatite and titanium dioxide with cement have been fabricated by blending to form a hydroxyapatite-cemented titanium dioxide composite at room temperature. The photodegradation capacities of composites in solar light and in the dark were studied for the degradation of dye (methylene blue) solutions with varying parameters of initial concentration of dye solution and contact time at optimal conditions. The results show that the kinetic study of the photodegradation reaction follows the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model equation. SEM technique was applied to characterize the prepared hydroxyapatite-cemented titanium dioxide composite. According to the SEM analysis, it was found that the pores of the composite were filled after the degradation of the dye. The photodegradation of contaminants in water collected from a fish pond near Shwedagon Pagoda was studied using composites. Composite was also found to be the most efficient and effective adsorbent for the degradation of organic pollutants from wastewater. As a result, the prepared hydroxyapatite-cemented titanium dioxide composite can be applied to the reduction of organic pollutants discharged from wastewater into aquaticenvironments. It would help reduce the public health risk caused by organic pollutants.	2024
2295	Ei Ei San, San San Aye	BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND CHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF MURRAYA KOENIGII L. SPRENG LEAVES (PYINDAW-THEIN)	In the present work, locally grown M. koenigii leaves were selected to investigate the chemical constituents and some bioactivities. The main aim of this research was to study the chemical constituents of essential oil and some biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiproliferative activities of leaves. The preliminary phytochemical tests indicated that various types of compounds, such as alkaloids, ?-amino acids, carbohydrates, cyanogenic glycosides, glycosides, organic acids, phenolic compounds, reducing sugars, saponins, steroids, and terpenoids were present in the selected leaves samples, except for flavonoids, tannins, and starch. The essential oil (2.44%) was extracted from the leaves of M. koenigii by steam distillation method. The total phenolic content was found to be 2.73 � 0.004 �g GAE/mg in the ethanol extract and 2.56 � 0.003 �g GAE/mg in the watery extract by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. The antioxidant activity of an ethanol extract (IC50 = 34.84 �g/mL) was found to be more effective than watery extracts (IC50 = 42.92 �g/mL) by the DPPH assay. The antimicrobial activity of the leaves was screened by using the agar well diffusion method. The PE, EtOAc, and EtOH extracts showed antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms (16 to 18 mm). In vitro antiproliferative activity of ethanol and watery extracts was tested on five cancer cell lines by the CCK-8 assay. The ethanol extract inhibited the growth of MCF7 (IC50 1 �g/mL), A549 (IC50 1 �g/mL), Kato III (IC50 15.3 �g/mL), GSU (IC50 1 �g/mL), and Hela (human cervical cancer) (IC50 1 �g/mL). The watery extract, was tested against MCF7 (IC50 > 100 �g/mL), A549 (IC50 62.1 �g/mL), Kato III (IC50 > 100 �g/mL), GSU (IC50 9.6 �g/mL) and Hela (IC50 > 100 �g/mL). GC-MS analysis of essential oil from M. koenigii leaves showed the presence of pxylene, ?-methyl styrene, azulene, 3-carene, methyl hexadecanoate, 9,12- octadecadienoate, 9- octadecadienoate, methyl stearate and methyl eicosanoate respectively.	2024
2296	Nyein Nyein Aye, Myat Kyaw Thu, Wai Lin Oo3	PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYPHENOL OXIDASE ENZYME FROM BANANA PEELS (MUSA ACUMINATA SIMMONDS)	An enzyme called polyphenol oxidase (1.10.3.1) is responsible for the browning events that occur when handling damage to the cells. Peels from bananas were gathered in the Thiri Mingalar market in the Yangon Region. Using ammonium sulphate precipitation (20-80 %), dialysis, and gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G-100, the enzyme polyphenol oxidase (PPO) was extracted from banana peels. Using catechol as a substrate at 420 nm, the spectrophotometric technique was used to assess the polyphenol oxidase activity. The modified Lowry's method was used to determine the protein content using a standard of bovine serum albumin (BSA) at 550 nm. The purification of polyphenol oxidase over crude extract was 3.52 folds, and 0.18 % of the protein was obtained. pH 7.0 and 30 �C were found to be the optimum conditions. It was shown that after 5h of incubation at pH 7.0, polyphenol oxidase activity remained at approximately 68.6 %. A particular pH of 7.0 was used to study the heat sensitivity of polyphenol oxidase at various temperatures of 25, 30, and 35 �C for various incubation periods (0, 1, 3, and 5 h). At 30, 25, and 35 �C, polyphenol oxidase activity was shown to be relatively stable; after 5 h of incubation, it retained 67.8, 49.6, and 26.9 % of its original activity, respectively. The activation energy (Ea) of the polyphenol oxidase-catalyzed reaction was determined to be 2.404 kcal mol-1 .	2024
2297	Hay Mar Oo, Hlaing Hlaing Oo, Cho Cho	SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Cu- DOPED TIO2 NANOPARTICLES BY SOL - GEL METHOD	The study was designed to study the effect of copper doping of TiO2 with three different copper concentrations and calcined at 500 to 800 �C for 2 hours on the anatase-rutile phase transition and composition. The prepared powder samples were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X- ray Fluorescence (EDXRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). The XRD results suggested that the pure TiO2 powder calcined at 500 �C was in 100 % anatase phase, whereas these materials transformed the mixing of a few anatase phases and mainly rutile phases at 600 �C. Therefore, the phase transition temperature of TiO2 in this preparation method was 600 �C. The average crystallite sizes of prepared TiO2 materials by XRD analysis were in the range of 25.50 to 96.39 nm. The average crystallite sizes increased with increasing calcined temperature. The associated work of this research is the addition of CuSO4 to the crystal structure of TiO2 synthesized by the sol-gel method using titanium(IV) isopropoxide, isopropanol, and copper(II) sulphate, and calcined at 500 to 800 �C. The XRD results of prepared Cu-doped TiO2 materials described the anatase phase at 500�C and 600 �C, and the mixing of a few anatase phase and mainly rutile phase for Cu-doped TiO2 nanoparticles at 700 �C. Therefore, the phase transition temperature of Cu-doped TiO2 nanoparticles was 700 �C. The synthesized Cu-doped TiO2 materials were fully transformed to the rutile phase at 800 ?C. The average crystallite size of Cu-doped TiO2 materials was in the range of 25.67 to 45.49 nm. The XRD study revealed that all the prepared samples have tetragonal crystal structures that were not changed through the doping process.	2024
2298	Cho Cho Win, Khin Chaw Win, Myint Myint Khine , Ni Ni Than	STUDY ON PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND SOME BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF THE ROOT OF EURYCOMA LONGIFOLIA JACK	Eurycoma longifolia Jack is a plant species that belongs to the Simaroubaceae family, and it is also known locally as Bittu Bark in Myanmar, Piak and Tung Saw in Thailand, and Tongkat Ali in Malaysia. The objective of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical constituents and some biological activities of root of E. longifolia. The phytochemical constituents were investigated by the test tube and TLC profiling methods. Some biological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity activities were determined by using the Agar Well Diffusion method, DPPH assay and Brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The antioxidant activity of ethanol extract (IC50 = 204.4 �g/mL) was shown to be more potent than watery extract (IC50 = 765.1 �g/mL) of E. longifolia root. The ethyl acetate extract of the sample was found to have more potent antimicrobial activity against all eight tested microorganisms in the inhibition zone diameter range (24 -32 mm) than those of ethanol, methanol, and watery extracts. Moreover, the cytotoxic effect of ethanol extract (LC50 = 233.35 �g/mL), which showed substantial toxicity was slightly more toxic than the positive control of standard potassium dichromate (LC50 = 244.46 �g/mL)	2024
2299	Aye Mya Phyu, Yi Yi Myint	SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ZINC SULPHIDE QUANTUM DOTS	Zinc sulphide quantum dots (QDs) have been synthesized by the hydrothermal method. In this method, zinc acetate Zn(CH3CO2)2 and sodium sulphide nonahydrate Na2S.9H2O were used as starting materials. Glacial acetic acid was used to adjust the selected pH values of the system (pH=4, 5, and 6), and ammonia solution was used to obtain the pH values of the system (pH=8, 9, and 10). The synthesized ZnS QDs were characterized by using X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT IR), and UV-Visible Spectroscopy. The crystallite size range (8-13 nm) of the synthesized ZnS QDS was determined from the results of the XRD patterns by using Debye-Scherrer�s equation. From the FT IR spectrum, a metal-sulphur bond (Zn-S) was found at 639 cm?1 . UV/Vis spectra indicated the absorption wavelengths of ZnS QDs at 270 nm.	2024
2300	Ei Ei Mon, Ei Ei Hlaing, Hnin Hnin Than	STUDY ON THE REMOVAL OF LEAD IONS BY PREPARED CELLULOSE ACETATE-RICE HUSK COMPOSITE FILMS	This research was aimed to study the characterization and adsorption properties of prepared cellulose acetate-rice husk composite films. Rice husk (Zeyar) was collected from a local rice mill in Hlegu Township, Yangon Region, Myanmar. The characterizations of prepared cellulose acetate and rice husk were determined according to physicochemical properties such as pH, moisture content, and bulk density. The polymer composite films were prepared by using cellulose acetate (CA), rice husk (RH), and glutaraldehyde as a cross-linker. The prepared CA-RH composite films were characterized by conventional methods such as swelling and modern techniques such as EDXRF and SEM. For the removal of lead ions by CA-RH composite films, the effects of various parameters such as pH, initial concentration, contact time, and dosage were investigated by batch method. The adsorption capacity decreased with the increase in the initial concentration of lead ions in the solution. In conclusion, CA-RH composite films should be used as an effective adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater.	2024

Research Publications

Myanmar Academy of Art & Science List of Research